153 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
153 lines
2.0 KiB
Markdown
# Classes
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Basically kotlin syntax.
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## Create a new instance of a class
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`new` not required, in fact, forbidden.
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```thp
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val dog = Dog()
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```
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## Simple class
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Why'd you do this tho?
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```thp
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class SimpleClass
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val instance = SimpleClass()
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```
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## Properties & methods
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```thp
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class SimpleClass
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{
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// Properties are private by default
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var String? name = ...
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// Made public with `pub`
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pub var String? surname = ...
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// Methods are private by default
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fun display_name()
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{
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// `$` is used instead of $this. Mandatory
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print($name)
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}
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pub fun get_name() -> String?
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{
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$name
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}
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}
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```
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## Static members
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no
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## Constructor
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Kotlin style
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```thp
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class Cat(
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var String name,
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var Int lives = 9,
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val String surname = "Doe",
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)
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{
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pub fun get_name() -> String
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{
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$name
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}
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pub fun die()
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{
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$lives -= 1
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if $lives <= 0
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{
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print("Cat {$name} is death")
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}
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else
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{
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print("Cat {$name} is life still")
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}
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}
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}
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val michifu = Cat("Michifu")
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print(michifu.get_name())
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```
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With kotlin's `init` block.
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```thp
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class Dog(val String name)
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{
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Int name_length = name.length()
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init
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{
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print("Dog has been instantiated")
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}
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}
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```
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## Inheritance
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Kotlin style
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```thp
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class Animal(var String name)
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{
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pub fun say_name()
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{
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print($name)
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}
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}
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class Cat(String name, Int lives) -> Animal(name)
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Cat("Michi", 9).say_name()
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```
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## Mutable methods
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By default methods cannot mutate the state of the object.
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```thp
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class Animal(var String name)
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{
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pub fun set_name(String new_name)
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{
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$name = new_name // Error: Cannot mutate $
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}
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}
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```
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To do so the method must be annotated. The caller must also
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declare a mutable variable.
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```thp
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class Animal(var String name)
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{
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pub mut fun set_name(String new_name)
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{
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$name = new_name // Ok
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}
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}
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var michi = Animal("Michifu")
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michi.set_name("Garfield")
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```
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